COMPOSITION OF CARBOHYDRATES IN FRESH WHEY — Proceeding R-1

Abstract

This study investigates the potential application of modified volcanic ash as an adsorbent for the removal of textile direct dye from wastewater. The aim of the research was to optimize the decolorization process of model solutions using volcanic ash previously modified through physical and chemical treatments. Various process parameters were examined, including the pH value, initial dye concentration, contact time, temperature, and adsorbent dosage. The highest adsorption efficiency was achieved at a pH value of 3, while maximum dye removal efficiency was reached after 60 minutes of treatment. The maximum adsorption capacity was 7 mg/g, and the dye removal rate exceeded 82%, positioning the modified volcanic ash as a competitive adsorbent. In conclusion, modified volcanic ash represents a low-cost and effective material for the decolorization of aqueous solutions of textile direct dyes, with potential application under industrial conditions for the treatment of colored wastewater from the textile industry.

Keywords: volcanic ash, adsorption, decolorization, textile direct dye, wastewater

Acknowledgment

This research was supported by the Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia (The record number: 451-03-137/2025- 03/200133).

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